The default is the area of the field. When the field is global, the default longitude range is from 180°W to 180°E (Europe/Africa-biased).
If a field is unexpectedly empty, try adding or subtracting 360° to the longitude. I try to map everything to a common range, but this sometimes fails.
Degrees south and west should be indicated by negative numbers. Note that ranges should always be from negative to positive, so from south to north and west to east. A range -10°N to -20°N will often not work as it goes from north to south. A range -10°W to -20°W will give a plot almost circling the earth, which is probably not what you want.
A small region will select a high-resolution background map. for a large region a low-resolution version is used.