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— Time series: GCMs seasonal forecast indices
Time series
GCMs seasonal forecast indices
NINO indices
ECMWF System-4 ensemble mean
NINO12
jan
feb
mar
apr
may
jun
jul
aug
sep
oct
nov
dec
NINO3
jan
feb
mar
apr
may
jun
jul
aug
sep
oct
nov
dec
NINO3.4
jan
feb
mar
apr
may
jun
jul
aug
sep
oct
nov
dec
NINO3.4 rel
jan
feb
mar
apr
may
jun
jul
aug
sep
oct
nov
dec
NINO4
jan
feb
mar
apr
may
jun
jul
aug
sep
oct
nov
dec
ECMWF System-3 ensemble mean
NINO12
jan
feb
mar
apr
may
jun
jul
aug
sep
oct
nov
dec
NINO3
jan
feb
mar
apr
may
jun
jul
aug
sep
oct
nov
dec
NINO3.4
jan
feb
mar
apr
may
jun
jul
aug
sep
oct
nov
dec
NINO4
jan
feb
mar
apr
may
jun
jul
aug
sep
oct
nov
dec
ECMWF System-2 ensemble mean
NINO12
jan
feb
mar
apr
may
jun
jul
aug
sep
oct
nov
dec
NINO3
jan
feb
mar
apr
may
jun
jul
aug
sep
oct
nov
dec
NINO3.4
jan
feb
mar
apr
may
jun
jul
aug
sep
oct
nov
dec
NINO4
jan
feb
mar
apr
may
jun
jul
aug
sep
oct
nov
dec
UKMO ensemble mean
NINO12
jan
feb
mar
apr
may
jun
jul
aug
sep
oct
nov
dec
NINO3
jan
feb
mar
apr
may
jun
jul
aug
sep
oct
nov
dec
NINO3.4
jan
feb
mar
apr
may
jun
jul
aug
sep
oct
nov
dec
NINO4
jan
feb
mar
apr
may
jun
jul
aug
sep
oct
nov
dec
NCEP-CFS ensemble mean
NINO12
jan
feb
mar
apr
may
jun
jul
aug
sep
oct
nov
dec
NINO3
jan
feb
mar
apr
may
jun
jul
aug
sep
oct
nov
dec
NINO3.4
jan
feb
mar
apr
may
jun
jul
aug
sep
oct
nov
dec
NINO4
jan
feb
mar
apr
may
jun
jul
aug
sep
oct
nov
dec
ECHAM4.5 ensemble mean
NINO12
jan
feb
mar
apr
may
jun
jul
aug
sep
oct
nov
dec
NINO3
jan
feb
mar
apr
may
jun
jul
aug
sep
oct
nov
dec
NINO3.4
jan
feb
mar
apr
may
jun
jul
aug
sep
oct
nov
dec
NINO4
jan
feb
mar
apr
may
jun
jul
aug
sep
oct
nov
dec
ECMWF System-3 full ensembles
NINO12
jan
feb
mar
apr
may
jun
jul
aug
sep
oct
nov
dec
NINO3
jan
feb
mar
apr
may
jun
jul
aug
sep
oct
nov
dec
NINO3.4
jan
feb
mar
apr
may
jun
jul
aug
sep
oct
nov
dec
NINO4
jan
feb
mar
apr
may
jun
jul
aug
sep
oct
nov
dec
ECMWF System-2 full ensembles
NINO12
jan
feb
mar
apr
may
jun
jul
aug
sep
oct
nov
dec
NINO3
jan
feb
mar
apr
may
jun
jul
aug
sep
oct
nov
dec
NINO3.4
jan
feb
mar
apr
may
jun
jul
aug
sep
oct
nov
dec
NINO4
jan
feb
mar
apr
may
jun
jul
aug
sep
oct
nov
dec
UKMO full ensembles
NINO12
jan
feb
mar
apr
may
jun
jul
aug
sep
oct
nov
dec
NINO3
jan
feb
mar
apr
may
jun
jul
aug
sep
oct
nov
dec
NINO3.4
jan
feb
mar
apr
may
jun
jul
aug
sep
oct
nov
dec
NINO4
jan
feb
mar
apr
may
jun
jul
aug
sep
oct
nov
dec
NCEP-CFS full ensembles
NINO12
jan
feb
mar
apr
may
jun
jul
aug
sep
oct
nov
dec
NINO3
jan
feb
mar
apr
may
jun
jul
aug
sep
oct
nov
dec
NINO3.4
jan
feb
mar
apr
may
jun
jul
aug
sep
oct
nov
dec
NINO4
jan
feb
mar
apr
may
jun
jul
aug
sep
oct
nov
dec
ECHAM4.5 full ensembles
NINO12
jan
feb
mar
apr
may
jun
jul
aug
sep
oct
nov
dec
NINO3
jan
feb
mar
apr
may
jun
jul
aug
sep
oct
nov
dec
NINO3.4
jan
feb
mar
apr
may
jun
jul
aug
sep
oct
nov
dec
NINO4
jan
feb
mar
apr
may
jun
jul
aug
sep
oct
nov
dec
NAO indices
System-1 ensemble mean
Iceland-Azores
+0
+1
+2
+3
+4
+5
jan
feb
mar
apr
may
jun
jul
aug
sep
oct
nov
dec
Iceland-Gibraltar
+0
+1
+2
+3
+4
+5
jan
feb
mar
apr
may
jun
jul
aug
sep
oct
nov
dec
Pattern-based
+0
+1
+2
+3
+4
+5
jan
feb
mar
apr
may
jun
jul
aug
sep
oct
nov
dec
System-2 ensemble mean
Iceland-Azores
+0
+1
+2
+3
+4
+5
jan
feb
mar
apr
may
jun
jul
aug
sep
oct
nov
dec
Iceland-Gibraltar
+0
+1
+2
+3
+4
+5
jan
feb
mar
apr
may
jun
jul
aug
sep
oct
nov
dec
Pattern-based
+0
+1
+2
+3
+4
+5
jan
feb
mar
apr
may
jun
jul
aug
sep
oct
nov
dec
System-1 full ensembles
Iceland-Azores
+0
+1
+2
+3
+4
+5
jan
feb
mar
apr
may
jun
jul
aug
sep
oct
nov
dec
Iceland-Gibraltar
+0
+1
+2
+3
+4
+5
jan
feb
mar
apr
may
jun
jul
aug
sep
oct
nov
dec
Pattern-based
+0
+1
+2
+3
+4
+5
jan
feb
mar
apr
may
jun
jul
aug
sep
oct
nov
dec
System-2 full ensembles
Iceland-Azores
+0
+1
+2
+3
+4
+5
jan
feb
mar
apr
may
jun
jul
aug
sep
oct
nov
dec
Icealnd-Gibraltar
+0
+1
+2
+3
+4
+5
jan
feb
mar
apr
may
jun
jul
aug
sep
oct
nov
dec
Pattern-based
+0
+1
+2
+3
+4
+5
jan
feb
mar
apr
may
jun
jul
aug
sep
oct
nov
dec
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